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Автор: dist (83.102.161.---) Дата: 12-08-04 14:04 Английский язык богат. Screw – это и screwчивание, приcrewчивание, и отcrewчивание, и вcrewчивание, и выcrewчивание, и недоcrewчивание, и переcrewчивание, и заcrewчивание, и подcrewчивание, короче, любое crewчение. Male screw – это, понятно, мужской screw, болт; резьба снаружи. Female screw – это, разумеется, женский screw, гайка; резьба внутри. Так же, как fuсk у эллолюдоедских англичан обозначает все, что угодно, так же и этот пресловутый screw. Марь Иванна: -Дети, запишите предложение: за стеной скребет мышь. Вам все понятно? Вовочка: - Нет, непонятно, кто такой scr. Разъясняем. screw (skru:), n.1 Forms: 5 scrwe, skrew(e, 67 skrue, skrew, 68 scrue, 7 screw. [Apparently, in spite of the difference of sense, a. OF. escroue fem., also escro masc. (mod.F. йcrou) female screw, nut; not found in the other Rom. langs. The Teut. langs. have (though not recorded from their earliest periods) a word meaning ‘screw’ which may be related in some way to the OF. word: MLG., MDu., schrыve (mod.Du. irreg. schroef), late MHG. schrыbe (mod.G. schraube), Sw. skrufva, mod.Icel. skrъfa, Da. skrue. The North-eastern OF. escruve, a screw (misread escrime: the examples are placed by Godefr. under that word), is prob. from MDu. The ultimate etymology of the Fr. word, and the nature of its relation, if any, to the Teut. words, remain obscure. Diez’s suggestion that it represents the L. scrobem, ditch, is phonologically impossible. Baist, followed by Kluge, would refer both the Fr. and the Teut. words to the L. scroЋfa sow (in med.L. also an engine for undermining walls), comparing the Sp. puerca sow, also (= tuerca) female screw; but this does not account for the Teut. forms. The supposition that the Fr. word is an adoption from the MLG. schrыve presents very great difficulties.] I. The general name for that kind of mechanical appliance of which the operative portion is a helical groove or ridge (or two or more parallel helical grooves or ridges) cut either on the exterior surface of a cylinder (male screw) or on the interior surface of a cylindrical cavity (female screw). Hence applied to various other contrivances resembling this. Ordinarily screw without defining word is taken to mean a male screw, which seems indeed to be the proper sense in Eng.; but there are occasional exceptions in speaking of instruments in which the female screw is the moving part of the combination. A screw is called right-handed or left-handed according as the rotation necessary to carry the screw away from the operator is towards his right or his left. 1. A male screw (see above) with a correspondingly grooved or ridged socket in which it can revolve or which can revolve upon it; used for the purpose of converting a motion of rotation into a motion of translation bearing a fixed proportion to it. a. As an apparatus for raising weights or applying pressure or strain. For a supposed earlier instance see quot. 1393 under screen n. 1; skreu being prob. a misreading for skren, screen. Whether quot. 1497 belongs to this word is somewhat doubtful; the spelling skrewe would not be expected to occur so early if the Fr. etymology is correct. Вот первые цитаты про аппаратусы под названием screw в английских источниках: 1404 Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 396 Item 1 rabitstoke cum 2 scrwes. 1497 Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 95 Skrewe with her apperell. Ibid. 122 Lading gynnes ij. Skrewes j. Wilkyn rammes iij. 1599 T. M[oufet] Silkwormes 35 Then those great coches which themselues did driue With bended scrues, like things that were aliue? Ingenious Germane, how didst thou conuey Thy Springs, thy Scrues, thy rowells, and thy flie? 1629 Massinger Picture iv. ii, He moues like the faery King, on scrues and wheeles Made by his Doctors recipes. 1683 Moxon Mech. Exerc., Printing xxv. 352 He puts them into the Standing Press..observing to set in every Pile..an equal number of Books, that each Pile may equally feel the force of the Screw. Это были ПЕРВЫЕ винтовые устройства. Архимедовоподобные scr'ы пооявляются лишь в конце 16 века: b. Considered as one of the mechanical powers; in mechanical theory treated as a modification of the inclined plane. 1570 J. Dee Math. Pref. c iiij b, For, in many thinges, the Skrue worketh the feate, which, els, could not be performed. 1648 Wilkins Math. Magic i. ix. 56 The sixth and last Mechanick faculty, is the Screw, which is described to be a kind of wedge that is multiplyed, or continued by a helicall revolution about a Cylinder. 1764 J. Ferguson Lect. iii. 43 The screw..cannot properly be called a simple machine, because it is never used without the application of a lever. 1825 J. Nicholson Oper. Mech. 14 The screw is applied to mechanical purposes chiefly to obtain great pressures in small distances. 1879 Cassell’s Techn. Educ. I. 33/2 The efficiency of the screw is largely diminished by friction... This contrasts the screw with the lever, for in the latter the effect of friction is quite imperceptible. Напомним академическое определение scr'а: The general name for that kind of mechanical appliance of which the operative portion is a helical groove. Для слабо знакомых с языком поясню, что helical как раз и обозначает спиральную нарезку, винтовую резьбу. helical, a. and n. [f. L. helix, helic-em (see helix) + -al1.] A. adj. Belonging to or having the form of a helix; screw-shaped; spiral. Also Comb., as helical gear, tube; helical-cut adj. 1613 M. Ridley Magn. Bodies 27 A Helicall and Spirall vertue to move on the Cilinder of her Axis in Spirall lines. 1641 Wilkins Math. Magick i. ix. (1648) 57 A helicall revolution about a Cylinder. 1789 Trans. Soc. Arts I. 217 The mean helical angles of Archimedean or Water Screws. Как видите, спиральные устройства ВПЕРВЫЕ начинают упоминаться лишь в 17 веке. А теперь посмотрим на мужской screw в натуре:  Винтовая спиральная нарезка внешняя, так что screw явно мужской. Удивляет другое - этот мужской металлический screw Традиционные Историки датируют 79 годом нашей эры. Европейцы познают эти scr'ы лишь в 17 веке, спустя 1700 лет после продвинутых помпейцев. История объясняет - утрата технологий, темные века с 5 по 14-ый, всеобщая деградация, вандало-монголы . . . Это-то как раз понятно. Осталось лишь объяснить языковую утрату - почему так популярные в античности мужские и женские scr'ы исчезли из языка. Ведь античные языческие труды с упоением читались и переписывались средневековыми упертыми монахами. Как же они античных scr'ов не заметили? Женских ладно, у них резьба внутри, но мужских? У них-то как раз все снаружи. P.S. Ответ, как всегда, прост. Помпеи погибли в 1631 году. В полном соответствии с фактами, языковыми правилами и развитием технологий. Деградация же Традиционной Истории давно видна невооруженным глазом.
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